Alcohol Abuse Advice

Anthurium postharvest handling practices processes

Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum Lindl.) Araceae (Araceae) Buddha flame is (Anthurium) the most important ornamental plants, native to Central and South America and other tropical regions, like the shade in the hot and humid environment with the growth of The optimal birth date? night temperature was 25 ~ 28? 19 ~ 20 , lower than 10 vulnerable ; relative humidity of 80 ~ 90% .

 

    Anthurium is introduced in 1889 when Hawaii started in 1940 a large number of commercial production from the University of Hawaii in 1950 to begin breeding, and since 1960 many new varieties bred. Araceae Anthurium plant with a typical spadix (spadix) and spathe (spathe), spadix and the spathe size, shape and color is the most important differences between varieties, color is affected by the market pop, 1980 BC dominated by orange, red as the mainstream in the 1990s, after 2000 Zeyi color and bright colors dominated.

 

    Recent years, the flower auction market to enhance visual quality and Anthurium shelf life, storage and transportation and the auction process strongly advocated the use of casing to avoid Anthurium in the distribution process, the temperature increase caused by water loss, so as to improve Anthurium quality and market prices, and thus increase farm income and consumer protection.

    As the flowers after harvest processes linked together, in order to further enhance the quality of Anthurium, reducing the market supply of quality uncertainty, should strengthen the flower postharvest processing and matching of refrigerated trucks transport. Therefore, the flower of the proposed establishment of a standard unit of Anthurium postharvest processing, so that more high quality floral products, in order to maintain credibility with the industry to produce goodwill. The following will introduce Anthurium postharvest processing and should have them.

 

    Post-harvest handling

    Harvest maturity and time

    Anthurium in succulent inflorescences from the base of the start of 1? 2-2? 3 color, Buddha flame bracts flattened, bright, that is, the appropriate harvest maturity. Avoid harvesting during the hot noon, due to higher temperature, will accelerate the respiratory rate Anthurium, Anthurium early aging; Therefore, Anthurium harvest time should be cooler morning or evening should, and should be kept in a cool penalty after harvest to slow the respiration rate.

 

    Anthurium can be harvested directly from the base of the removal by hand, and then a knife miter swollen stem base, because it does not absorb water over this area, while the mother plant by reducing opportunities for bacterial infection, and because the Buddha flame bracts large, transpiration Strong, fast weight loss rate, harvest should be inserted directly into the flower in clean water to avoid dehydration. Anthurium can also cut way of harvesting knife, picked after 3 to 5, the blade should be placed in 70% alcohol solution for more than 1 minute within the disinfection can reduce the spread of pathogens among mother plants, the existing practice is more than just a knife and disinfection of spare barrels, a knife disinfected immediately after use, and back to another branch rotation using a knife, used a knife dipped in disinfectant in sufficient time to reduce the virus infection.

 

    Field Xishui sterilization

    Pre-measure solution field of flowers, the water quality is best to use tap water, chlorine in tap water because the components have bactericidal effects, can reduce the incision Anthurium bacterial infection due to blocked catheter breeding metabolites, impede water absorption. To increase the bactericidal effect can then add 50ppm sodium hypochlorite solution in the pre measure, while water should be adjusted to slightly acidic to reduce the breeding of germs.

 

    Cleaning and pre-cooling

    As the harvest cut high temperature will lead to nutrient depletion, also causing loss of water flowers, so quickly after harvest to remove field heat, so Anthurium time after harvest should not be placed outdoors too long, and should be placed immediately shade and measures to pre-treatment liquid plug. On the other hand, the spathe Anthurium if too much dust will affect the appearance, the need for clean water for washing, dry cleaning when the plug still water, dried under the natural ventilation to avoid exposure to the sunlight, and the Buddha Anthurium Yan bud easy cleaning of mechanical harvesting or injury, making storage and transportation process will appear brown black crease, so the time taken to collect flowers and cleaning, to avoid mechanical injury.

    In addition to pre-measure the field of water treatment insert, the packaging market return as soon as possible, and preservatives into flower at least 4 hours, in order to increase the vase life of cut Anthurium. The way of pre-cooling can be divided into pre-cooling vacuum pre-cooling and strong wind, most of today’s Taiwan flower pre-cooling using cold storage strong wind, pre-cooling temperature is 15 ~ 18 , the time required for at least 4 hours to achieve the pre-cooling effect.

 

    Grading and packaging

    The People’s Republic of China Ministry of Agriculture existing industry standard NY / T 876-2004 “Anthurium” will be divided into three levels of Anthurium.

    First grade requirements: Pure breeds, the overall sense of excellent, no defects, Buddha-shaped flame bracts large, full, bright color, smooth, non-variegated horizontal stem bract spot: 12cm, spadix bright sound, Scape straight, solid resilient, sturdy, uniform thickness, length: 40cm.

    Second Grade requirements: pure species, the overall feeling is good, almost no defects; Buddha flame-shaped large bracts, a full, bright color, non-variegated horizontal stem bract spot: 10cm; spadix bright good; flowers Ting Ting straight, solid resilient, sturdy, more uniform thickness, length: 30cm.

    Three Goods requirements: pure species, the overall sense of well, minor flaws; Buddha flame-shaped bracts small, more complete, the basic non-variegated spots bract bract horizontal stem: 7cm; spadix bright than good; flowers Ting slightly bent, relatively thin, thick uneven length: 30cm.

    Bagging flowers to be protected in the packaging, packaging is complete, the fresh flowers into sodium hypochlorite solution containing 50ppm of the casing, according to the varieties of Anthurium, quality, flower diameter size, pedicel length to Category installed in the box. Do not spend more than one face overlap? 3, the DPRK side of the stem to better emission uniformity, the middle stem fixed with tape on surface, to avoid the occurrence of pressure off injury bracts.

 

    Refrigerated Transport

 

    Anthurium in the classification, packaging and packing is completed, should be moved to cool the treatment of cold storage, cold storage temperature is 15 ~ 18 , transported to the flower wholesale market auction, the flower truck should be used with air conditioning refrigerated trucks or insulated truck, to continue to maintain the low temperature preservation, to avoid the use of general goods carriage, so as not to flower for an instant return to increased temperature caused by evaporation and respiration, or due to weather, sun and rain, which led to poor quality or loss of Cut .